Wired communication technology between industrial control devices is one of the key technologies to realize industrial automation and intelligent manufacturing. With the rapid development of industry 4.0 and intelligent manufacturing, the communication technology between industrial control equipment is also constantly updated and upgraded. The following is a detailed introduction to the main wired communication technologies between industrial control devices.
1.Serial communication technology
Serial communication technology is one of the most basic wired communication technologies, widely used in the field of industrial control. It realizes data sending and receiving through a data line (TX) and a receiving line (RX). There are mainly the following serial communication technologies:
1.1 RS-232: RS-232 is a standard serial communication protocol widely used in computers, printers, modems and other devices. It has a transmission rate of up to 115.2Kbps and a maximum transmission distance of up to 15 meters.
1.2 RS-485: RS-485 is a differential signaling serial communication protocol, which has the advantages of strong anti-interference ability and long transmission distance. Its transmission rate can be up to 10Mbps, and the longest transmission distance can be up to 1200 meters.
1.3 USB: USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a high-speed serial communication technology, widely used in computers, cell phones, cameras and other devices. It has a transmission rate of up to 5Gbps and a maximum transmission distance of up to 5 meters.
2.Fieldbus technology
Fieldbus technology is a wired communication technology specially designed for the industrial control field, which is characterized by high real-time, high reliability and good scalability. There are mainly the following field bus technologies:
2.1 PROFIBUS: PROFIBUS is a kind of fieldbus technology developed by Siemens of Germany, which is widely used in automation equipment, drives, sensors and so on. It has a transmission rate of up to 12 Mbps and a maximum transmission distance of up to 100 meters.
2.2 CAN: CAN (Controller Area Network) is a broadcast-based fieldbus technology with the advantages of high real-time and high reliability. Its transmission rate is up to 1Mbps, and the longest transmission distance is up to 10 kilometers.
2.3 Ethernet: Ethernet is a fieldbus technology based on TCP/IP protocol, with high speed, high reliability and other advantages. Its transmission rate can be up to 100Gbps, and the farthest transmission distance can be up to 100 meters.
3.Industrial Ethernet Technology
Industrial Ethernet technology is an Ethernet-based wired communication technology with the advantages of high speed, high reliability and easy expansion. There are mainly the following types of industrial Ethernet technology:
3.1 PROFINET: PROFINET is an industrial Ethernet technology developed by Siemens of Germany, which is widely used in automation equipment, drives, sensors and so on. It has a transmission rate of up to 100Mbps and a maximum transmission distance of up to 100 meters.
3.2 EtherCAT: EtherCAT is an Ethernet-based real-time communication technology with the advantages of high real-time and high reliability. Its transmission rate is up to 100Mbps and the longest transmission distance is up to 100 meters.
3.3 Modbus TCP: Modbus TCP is an industrial Ethernet technology based on TCP/IP protocol, which has the advantages of good compatibility and easy expansion. Its transmission rate is up to 100Mbps and the farthest transmission distance is up to 100 meters.
4.Fiber Optic Communication Technology
Fiber optic communication technology is a wired communication technology based on optical signals, which has the advantages of high transmission rate, strong anti-interference ability, and long transmission distance. There are mainly the following types of optical fiber communication technology:
4.1 Single-mode fiber: single-mode fiber is an optical fiber that transmits only a single mode of optical signals, with the advantages of long transmission distance and strong anti-interference ability. Its transmission rate can be up to 100Gbps, and the longest transmission distance can be up to 100km.
4.2 Multimode fiber: multimode fiber is a kind of optical fiber that can transmit multiple modes of optical signals, with lower cost, easy to install and other advantages. Its transmission rate can be up to 10Gbps, and the longest transmission distance can be up to 2 kilometers.
5.Power line communication technology
Power line communication technology is a wired communication technology that utilizes power lines as a communication medium, and has the advantages of low cost and easy deployment. There are mainly the following types of power line communication technology:
5.1 PLC: PLC (Power Line Communication) is a power line based communication technology with advantages such as low cost and easy deployment. It has a transmission rate of up to 500 Mbps and a maximum transmission distance of up to 300 meters.
5.2 G.hn: G.hn is a communication technology based on a variety of media such as power lines, telephone lines, coaxial cables, etc. It has the advantages of good compatibility and easy expansion. Its transmission rate is up to 1Gbps, and the farthest transmission distance is up to 300 meters.
6.Other wired communication technologies
In addition to the above several major wired communication technologies, there are some other wired communication technologies that have some applications in the field of industrial control, such as:
6.1 I2C: I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) is a bus-based communication technology widely used in microcontrollers, sensors and other devices. It has a transmission rate of up to 400Kbps and a maximum transmission distance of up to 1 meter.
6.2 SPI: SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a communication technology based on master-slave mode, widely used in microcontrollers, drivers and other devices. Its transmission rate is up to 50Mbps and the longest transmission distance is up to 10 meters.